Bismuth subsalicylate disassociates in gastric acid to form bismuth salts, such as bismuth oxychloride. Hemodialysis may be considered in more severe cases and with the presence of altered mental status and metabolic acidosis.2. 2001 Mar 23;276(12):8829-35. It is thought to limit secretions in the digestive tract, reduce inflammation in the stomach and intestines, and inhibit the growth of certain … Helidac (Bismuth Subsalicylate) may treat, side effects, dosage, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling, reviews, and related medications including drug comparison and health resources. [, Bierer DW: Bismuth subsalicylate: history, chemistry, and safety. 1997 Oct;11(5):935-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00219.x. [. Demonstration of their efficacy in traveler's diarrhea has been fairly limited. Thomas Löscher, Martin Alberer, in Travel Medicine (Third Edition), 2013Non-Specific Agents Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) has been shown in several placebo-controlled studies to reduce stool frequency and shorten the duration of illness. A safe dose in dogs and cats is 0.25 mL/kg q.4–6 h. Dosages greater than 0.7 mL/kg could result in toxicity. Prophylactic Antibiotics Taking an antibiotic (especially one of the quinolones) can significantly reduce your risk of travelers' diarrhea. Elaine C. Jong, in The Travel and Tropical Medicine Manual (Fourth Edition), 2008. If diarrhea develops while using bismuth subsalicylate prophylaxis, or if a treatment dose of bismuth subsalicylate was taken, but is not giving adequate relief, it may be as long as 6 h before an oral dose of antibiotic would be completely bioavailable and effective. [, Sox TE, Olson CA: Binding and killing of bacteria by bismuth subsalicylate. Mechanism details for the curious: BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE reacts with HCl to form bismuth oxychloride and salicylic acid (an acid neutralizing property that theoretically could be added to the mechanisms of action of bismuth subsalicylate, specifically). Bismuth subsalicylate chewable tablets: Each pink round tablet contains 262.4 mg bismuth subsalicylate (102 mg salicylate) for oral administration. [, Budisak P, Abbas M: Bismuth Subsalicylate . In addition, emerging data on the effects of antibiotics on the microbiota, concerns for fecal carriage home of antibiotic-resistant organisms after antibiotic use, and potential to prevent irritable bowel syndrome also influence the decision whether to prescribe chemoprophylaxis. (NTP, 1992) It is unstable in alkaline solutions. In the small intestine, unchanged bismuth subsalicylate reacts with other anions such as bicarbonate and phosphate to form insoluble bismuth salts. The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acetaminophen is combined with Bismuth subsalicylate. Bismuth subsalicylate, sold as generic and under the brand name Pepto-Bismol, is an antacid elixir medication used to treat temporary discomforts of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, and diarrhea. Aside from this, changes in fecal characteristics can be seen, i.e. Long-term use of bismuth-containing products is not recommended as the drug can be neurotoxic and is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment. J Inorg Biochem. It is also commonly known as pink bismuth, bismuth (Bi) [biz´muth] a chemical element, atomic number 83, atomic weight 208.980. It is a crystal complex of bismuth and salicylate suspended in a mixture of magnesium aluminum silicate clay. Davis Drug Guide It is largely hydrolyzed in the stomach to bismuth oxychloride and salicylic acid. 1 The SCV genome was sequenced within weeks of the initial identification 2, 3 and further analysis revealed that SCV is most closely related to the group 2 coronaviruses. [, Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) is an oral antidiarrheal agent. Take this medication by mouth, usually as needed, as directed by the product package or as directed by your doctor. Bismuth subsalicylate also has local antimicrobial properties. In addition, do not use this medicine to treat nausea or vomiting in children or teenagers who have or are recovering from the flu or chickenpox. It is also the main ingredient of Kaopectate. Published studies show a clinically significant decrease in absorption of quinolones due to concurrent therapy with antacids (containing aluminum and magnesium, or calcium), sucralfate, and nutritional supplements containing ferrous sulfate and zinc. It has no effects on normal gut flora. Lower dosages are provided for children of various age groups. Vd: Bismuth, 170 mL/kg. The therapeutic efficacy of Bismuth subsalicylate can be decreased when used in combination with Acetylsalicylic acid. Bismuth subsalicylate may exert its antidiarrheal action not only by stimulating absorption of fluid and electrolytes across the intestinal wall but also when hydrolysed to salicylic acid, by inhibiting synthesis of a prostaglandin responsible for intestinal inflammation and hypermotility.
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